soil horizon layers humus organic topsoil subsoil parent material and bedrock |
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navigate by keyword : soil garden plant grass lawn yard tree green flower wall wildlife shrub leaf backyard rock geology agriculture asphalt woodland nature root forest wood roots branch sand dry ground brown trunk trees old environment soils three major horizons surface horizon subsoil substratum organic buried master used subsurface loss minerals eluviation layers topsoil parent material bedrock |
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Most soils have three major horizons, the surface horizon (A), the subsoil (B), and the substratum (C). Some soils have an organic horizon (O) on the surface, but this horizon can also be buried. The master horizon, E, is used for subsurface horizons that have a significant loss of minerals (eluviation). |
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