eluviation

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Soil Horizon layers. O is humus or organic, A is topsoil, B is subsoil, C is parent material and R is bedrock. Royalty Free Stock Photo

Soil layers infographic diagram biology geology agriculture science dirt Royalty Free Stock Photo

Podzol or Spodosol in Western Germany Royalty Free Stock Photo

Soil Horizon layers. O is humus or organic, A is topsoil, B is subsoil, C is parent material and R is bedrock.

Soil layers (horizons) with names and explanations. Isometric (3d) infographic Royalty Free Stock Photo

A narrow river canyon in a mountain forest Royalty Free Stock Photo

Dry path of sand in the australian outback ends in the desert Royalty Free Stock Photo

Dirt soil layers infographic diagram biology geology agriculture science dirt Royalty Free Stock Photo

Most soils have three major horizons, the surface horizon (A), the subsoil (B), and the substratum (C). Some soils have an organic horizon (O) on the surface, but this horizon can also be buried. The master horizon, E, is used for subsurface horizons that have a significant loss of minerals (eluviation).