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Russian coin five rubles. The Second World War. Royalty Free Stock Photo

The city rose to prominence in the late 16th century, when Sigismund III decided to move the Polish capital and his royal court from KrakÃÂ³w. The elegant architecture, grandeur and extensive boulevards earned Warsaw the nickname Paris of the North prior to the Second World War. Bombed at the start of the German invasion in 1939, the city withstood a siege, but was largely destroyed by the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in 1943, the general Warsaw Uprising in 1944 and the systematic razing by the Germans in advance of the VistulaÃ¢â¬âOder Offensive. Warsaw gained the new title of Phoenix City because of its complete reconstruction after the war, which had left over 85% of its buildings in ruins