tile rooftop chimney and pigeons the fortress vignola near modena italy |
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| navigate by keyword : fortress vignola modena italy 1178 patrician residence contrari family renaissance era boncompagni ludovisi 1577 ceded 1998 foundation tile rooftop chimney pigeons |
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| Pictured are a tile rooftop, chimney and pigeons in the Fortress of Vignola near Modena, Italy. The Fortress of Vignola is also known as the Castle. It was known from 1178. It was turned into a patrician residence by the Contrari family in the Renaissance era. Once the Contrari line became extinct, the Fortress was acquired by the Boncompagni-Ludovisi family in 1577. It was ceded in 1998 to the Foundation of Vignola. |
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