The mitochondrion is a double-membraned organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. It is often referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell due to its crucial role in generating energy in the form of ATP through aerobic respiration. Inside the mitochondria, the process of cellular respiration takes place, involving the breakdown of glucose and other nutrients to produce ATP, which is then used as a source of energy for various cellular activities. Additionally, mitochondria contain their own DNA, called mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is separate from the nuclear DNA and is inherited maternally.
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