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| navigate by keyword : telomere chromatid mechanism chemical poster methyl group structural epigenetic factor karyotype segregation chromosomal modification phenotype activation acetylation peptide polypeptide pack mutation laboratory methylation histones nucleolus chemistry enzyme nucleotide microbiology suppress regulation biochemistry macromolecule biotechnology deoxyribonucleic chromosomes dna molecule biological microscopic anatomy scientific h2a h2b tail histone proteins diagram spiral molecular research genome structure chromatin evolution medicine chromosome genetic human vector double helix nucleosome science sequence gene biology model protein education medical infographic nucleus genetics cell |
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| A nucleosome is the basic structural unit of chromatin, which is the complex of DNA and proteins that makes up chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Nucleosomes play a crucial role in packaging and organizing DNA to fit within the limited space of the cell nucleus while also regulating access to the genetic information encoded in the DNA. The nucleosome consists of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins. The core histones include two molecules each of histone H2A, H2B, H3, and H4, forming an octamer around which approximately 147 base pairs of DNA are wound. This wrapped DNA-histone complex resembles beads on a string, with the DNA forming the string and the histone octamer serving as the bead. |
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