erythrocyte diagram |
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Red blood cells are small, flexible, biconcave discs with a diameter of approximately 7-8 micrometers. Their unique shape maximizes surface area for gas exchange and allows for easy passage through narrow capillaries. RBCs lack a nucleus and most organelles, including mitochondria, to make room for more hemoglobin, the protein responsible for binding and transporting oxygen. Red blood cells have a finite lifespan, typically around 120 days, after which they are removed from circulation by macrophages in the spleen and liver. The constant turnover of RBCs ensures that oxygen delivery remains efficient and that damaged or senescent cells are replaced in a timely manner. |
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