endoperoxide

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Ibuprofen bound to COX-2 enzyme - closeup view 3d illustration Royalty Free Stock Photo

Ibuprofen bound to COX-2 enzyme - isometric view 3d illustration Royalty Free Stock Photo

Cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 COX-2) - isometric view 3d illustration Royalty Free Stock Photo

Cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX-1 COX-2) prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS) - 3d illustration closeup view

Ibuprofen bound to COX-2 enzyme - section view 3d illustration Royalty Free Stock Photo

Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme (specifically, a family of isozymes, EC 1.14.99.1) that is responsible for formation of prostanoids, including thromboxane and prostaglandins such as prostacyclin, from arachidonic acid. Two COX enzymes are known to be involved in prostaglandin synthesis, COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 generates prostaglandins that are involved in the protection of gastrointestinal mucosa, while COX-2 generates prostaglandins that mediate inflammation and pain in sites throughout the body.